当前位置:上海卡努生物科技有限公司>>公司动态>>生物学zui热门作者《Nature》文章
来自麻省理工学院,Whitehead生物医药研究所,霍德华休斯医学院的研究人员提出了一种新的转录组测序高通量方法,这种方法能避免“poly(A)”方法的局限性,对于转录组测序方法的发展具有重要意义。这一研究成果公布在Nature杂志上。
领导这一研究的是麻省理工学院的David P. Bar教授,这位microRNA方面*的人物汤姆森科技信息集团公布的“生物学领域zui热门的机构、作者、期刊排名”中,入选高影响力论文数量排名作者:Bar教授的19篇高影响力论文共被引4542次,每篇论文平均被引239.1次。Bar教授主要从事的研究包括RNAi,miRNAs以及small RNAs分子等方面。
转录组(transcriptom)广义上指某一生理条件下,细胞内所有转录产物的集合;狭义上指所有mRNA的集合。蛋白质是行使细胞功能的主要承担者,蛋白质组是细胞功能和状态的zui直接描述,而由于目前蛋白质实验技术的限制,转录组成为研究基因表达的主要手段。转录组是连接基因组遗传信息与生物功能的蛋白质组的必然纽带,转录水平的调控是目前研究zui多的,也是生物体zui重要的调控方式。转录组测序可以得到特定条件下所有mRNA转录本的丰度信息,从而发现新的转录本和可变剪接体。
以往的转录组测序原理是当基因转录成RNA时,聚合酶延伸到超过蛋白编码的部分,来形成“3'未翻译区域” (UTR),该区域含调控性序列并帮助翻译。腺嘌呤被添加到3'UTR,转录组测序的标准方法基于 “poly(A)”尾巴的结合。
而在这篇文章中,研究人员提出了一种3P-Seq(poly(A)-position profiling by sequencing)方法,并利用这种方法分析线虫的3' UTR,获得了8580个额外的UTRs,从而解析了线虫3' UTR的形成,调控和进化。
这种3P-Seq的原理如下图,首先将一种配体(splint-ligation)与带有*引物绑定位点的poly(A)结合(步骤1),然后通过T1核酶部分消化(步骤2), 再洗脱捕捉poly(A),并且与加入的dTTP作用。之后再利用RNase H释放,zui终用到高通量测序中去。这种方法精度更高,而且可以避免“poly(A)”方法的局限性。
Bar教授研究组近期还发现了MiRNA影响mRNA的机制,他们发现miRNA主要通过使目标mRNA失去稳定性来发挥作用,而不是通过抑制它们的翻译来发挥作用。这与之前的研究发现并不相同。
原文摘要:Formation, regulation and evolution of Caenorhabditis elegans 3′UTRs
Post-transcriptional gene regulation frequently occurs through elements in mRNA 3′ untranslated regions (UTRs)1, 2. Although crucial roles for 3′UTR-mediated gene regulation have been found in Caenorhabditis elegans3, 4, 5, most C. elegans genes have lacked annotated 3′UTRs6, 7. Here we describe a high-throughput method for reliable identification of polyadenylated RNA termini, and we apply this method, called poly(A)-position profiling by sequencing (3P-Seq), to determine C. elegans 3′UTRs. Compared to standard methods also recently applied to C. elegans UTRs8, 3P-Seq identified 8,580 additional UTRs while excluding thousands of shorter UTR isoforms that do not seem to be authentic. Analysis of this expanded and corrected data set suggested that the high A/U content of C. elegans 3′UTRs facilitated genome compaction, because the elements specifying cleavage and polyadenylation, which are A/U rich, can more readily emerge in A/U-rich regions. Indeed, 30% of the protein-coding genes have mRNAs with alternative, partially overlapping end regions that generate another 10,480 cleavage and polyadenylation sites that had gone largely unnoticed and represent potential evolutionary intermediates of progressive UTR shortening. Moreover, a third of the convergently transcribed genes use palindromic arrangements of bidirectional elements to specify UTRs with convergent overlap, which also contributes to genome compaction by eliminating regions between genes. Although nematode 3′UTRs have median length only one-sixth that of mammalian 3′UTRs, they have twice the density of conserved microRNA sites, in part because additional types of seed-complementary sites are preferentially conserved. These findings reveal the influence of cleavage and polyadenylation on the evolution of genome architecture and provide resources for studying post-transcriptional gene regulation.
来源:生物通
请输入账号
请输入密码
请输验证码
以上信息由企业自行提供,信息内容的真实性、准确性和合法性由相关企业负责,环保在线对此不承担任何保证责任。
温馨提示:为规避购买风险,建议您在购买产品前务必确认供应商资质及产品质量。