自发性早产可遗传

英国一项研究显示，早产出生的女性，在怀孕后出现早产的风险要高于其他人，这说明早产可能受到母系遗传的影响，其风险可以由妈妈传给女儿。

英国阿伯丁大学研究人员在新一期美国《产科学与妇科学》杂志上报告说，他们调查了阿伯丁地区从1948年到2008年间的生育记录，在分析其中两万多对母女的生育情况后发现，那些自己是早产出生、或是母亲在生育其他兄弟姐妹时有过早产经历的女性，怀孕后头胎出现早产的风险要比其他人高出60％，头胎之后的早产风险也仍然要高出50％。

领导这项研究的巴塔查里亚博士说，早产是导致婴儿死亡或出现长期疾病的重要原因，但现在对天然早产原因的了解还不够深入，本次研究说明其背后可能存在母系遗传的影响，今后的研究将可以在此基础上进一步确定相关的基因。

上海劲马生物（）推荐原文出处：

Obstetrics & Gynecology.  doi: 10.1097/AOG.0b013e3181dffcdb

Inherited Predisposition to Spontaneous Preterm Delivery
Bhattacharya, Sohinee; Amalraj Raja, Edwin; Ruiz Mirazo, Eider; Campbell, Doris M.; Lee, Amanda J.; Norman, Jane E.; Bhattacharya, Siladitya

OBJECTIVE: To assess inherited predisposition to spontaneous preterm delivery.

METHODS: In this retrospective cohort study, intergenerational data on deliveries in mother-daughter pairs were analyzed from the Aberdeen Maternity Neonatal Databank using multilevel logistic regression. The study included an exposed cohort of all women born spontaneously preterm or whose mothers had experienced at least one spontaneous preterm delivery （at 24-37 weeks of gestation）. The unexposed cohort included women who were born at term （after 37 weeks of gestation） or those whose mothers had never experienced any spontaneous preterm deliveries （24-37 weeks of gestation）. The primary outcome was spontaneous preterm delivery in the daughters' pregnancies. Results are shown as adjusted odds ratios （ORs） and 95% confidence intervals （CIs）.

RESULTS: We identified 22,343 pregnancies occurring in 13,845 daughters born to 11,576 mothers. Women who were born spontaneously preterm had significantly higher odds of delivering preterm babies （OR 1.49, 95% CI 1.12-1.99）. A stronger association was seen when the analysis was restricted to nulliparous women who had been born spontaneously preterm （OR 1.60, 95% CI 1.16-2.21）. Other predictors of a woman having a spontaneous preterm delivery were age at delivery younger than 20 years （OR 1.67, 95% CI 1.43-1.94）, lower socioeconomic status （OR 1.22, 95% CI 1.04-1.44）, smoking more than 10 cigarettes per day （OR 1.47, 95% CI 1.27-1.71）, body mass index 19 kg/m2 or less （OR 1.48, 95% CI 1.24-1.77）, previous preterm delivery （OR 2.51, 95% CI 1.71-3.66）. The risk of a woman delivering spontaneously preterm was increased even if her mother had a history of spontaneous preterm delivery in any other pregnancy （OR 1.35, 95% CI 1.12-1.63）. The absolute risk of spontaneously delivering preterm in women who were born preterm was 9% as opposed to 6.2% in those who were born full-term. This gives an increase in risk of spontaneous preterm birth of 2.8% in women who were born spontaneously preterm.

CONCLUSION: Women born spontaneously preterm or with siblings delivered in a similar manner have an increased risk of spontaneous preterm delivery in their own pregnancies.